mPW1PW91 study for conformational isomers of methylene bridge-monosubstituted tetramethoxycalix[4]arenes

Structures of ten conformational isomers of methylene bridge-monosubstituted tetramethoxycalix[4]arenes, 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetramethoxy-2-ethylcalix[4]arene (1), and methyl 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetramethoxycalix[4]arene-2-carboxylate (2) were optimized by quantum mechanical mPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) (hybrid Hartree–Fock density functional) calculations. The total electronic and Gibbs free energies of the various conformations (cone, partial cone, 1,2-alternate, and 1,3-alternate) of 1 and 2 were analyzed. The cone (equatorial) and partial cone (equatorial) conformers were disclosed to be the most stable among all the isomers of 1 and 2. The calculated structures agreed well with the experimental results. The IR spectra were calculated at the mPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) level for the most stable conformer of each methylene bridge-monosubstituted tetramethoxycalix[4]arene.     

Fabrication of polymer/ZnS nanoparticle composites by matrix-mediated synthesis

Zinc sulfide nanoparticles are obtained as primary particles in a polymer matrix by a matrix-mediated synthesis. Two types of matrix polymer are synthesized via the copolymerization of hydrophobic, cation-exchange, and cross-linking monomers. The ZnS nanoparticles are affected by the composition of the matrix polymer, and especially by its hydrophobicity. In a low-hydrophobicity copolymer matrix, aggregates of ZnS nanoparticles are observed in the matrix using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In a high-hydrophobicity cation-exchange copolymer matrix, primary particles of ZnS with 2–5 nm diameters are observed in the matrix by TEM. However, the ZnS pattern is not distinguishable in XRD measurements because the particle sizes are too small to diffract X-rays.     

基于层叠遗传算法的配电网多层级无源光网络优化

对于配用电光通信网中无源光网络多层级、多节点网络规划问题,首次提出采用基本遗传算法实现多层级的循环继承的层叠遗传算法。其采用外层分光网络继承内层网络基因用于本层网络的适应度函数选择,该算法解决了多层级无源光(PON)网络各层级分光优化的问题,并且通过仿真证明了其可行性,实现了四层级网络星形结构拓扑优化。优化后的网络获得了最优的星形网络拓扑和通信建设成本的降低。     

Analysis of effective capacity for free-space optical communication systems over gamma-gamma turbulence channels with pointing errors

To facilitate the efficient support of quality-of-service (QoS) for promising free-space optical (FSO) communication systems, it is essential to model and analyze FSO channels in terms of delay QoS. However, most existing works focus on the average capacity and outage capacity for FSO, which are not enough to characterize the effective transmission data rate when delay-sensitive service is applied. In this paper, the effective capacity of FSO communication systems under statistical QoS provisioning constraints is investigated to meet heterogeneous traffic demands. A novel closed-form expression for effective capacity is derived under the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence conditions, pointing errors, beam widths, detector sizes and QoS exponents. The obtained results reveal the effects of some significant parameters on effective capacity, which can be used for the design of FSO systems carrying a wide range of services with diverse QoS requirements.     

In-fiber liquid-level probe based on Michelson interferometer via dual-mode elliptical multilayer-core fiber

Abstract

An in-fiber liquid-level probe fabricated from homemade dual-mode elliptical multilayer-core fiber (EMCF) was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed sensor simply consists of a segment of the EMCF with one end coated with silver film, and a Michelson interferometer is roughly established when light from single-mode fiber incident from the other end. The detected interference patterns, rather clean due to the few-mode property, shift as the liquid level due to strong interaction between high-order modes and measurands through evanescent waves. Both the propagation characteristics and operation principle of such a sensor were demonstrated in detail, and sensitivities of 33.48, 43.35, and 48.93 pm/mm corresponding to liquid indices of 1.333, 1.353, and 1.373 were successfully achieved with a 50-mm EMCF probe, respectively. Moreover, the proposed sensor had the potential to discriminate measurand index after proper calibration.     

高精度色散管理实现160Gb/s光时分复用信号100km稳定无误码传输

在160 Gb/s 100 km光时分复用(OTDM)通信系统中,色散是影响系统性能的主要因素。为减小由此带来的信号波形的失真,进行了理论分析与研究,并做了相应的实验加以验证。传输链路采用混合补偿方式,精确补偿色散与色散斜率,优化传输链路色散图谱及各点工作功率,有效抑制非线性效应,实现高精度色散管理,提升系统的整体性能。使用500 GHz高速示波器,调整传输链路光纤的长度精确到10 m,并准确观测各环节实验结果。系统既没有使用前向纠错技术,也没有进行偏振模色散(PMD)补偿,仅仅通过高精度色散管理实现了160 Gb/s光时分复用信号100.25 km稳定无误码(误码率小于10-12)传输。     

双芯掺铒光纤的研制及其增益均衡特性的研究

报道了双芯掺铒光纤(TC-EDF)的研制工艺,采用改进化学气相沉积(MCVD)和光子晶体堆积工艺成功试制出单芯掺杂型双芯掺铒光纤。利用耦合模理论和速率方程数值模拟了信号功率在双芯掺铒光纤中的传输并分析了双芯掺铒光纤的增益均衡特性;同时制作了双芯掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)并进行实验测试。结果表明,双芯掺铒光纤具有良好的增益均衡特性。     

光纤气体传感系统背景噪声的滤除

在光纤气体传感系统中,为提高检测的灵敏度,需要采取措施抑制系统的各类噪声。通过设计低噪声的前置放大器和光源驱动电路可有效地降低系统的噪声;但对于因光路变化和光在传输过程中偏振态发生变化引起的背景噪声的处理一直是光纤气体传感系统测量灵敏度提高的难点。提出一种基于最小二乘拟合的背景噪声滤除算法。利用参考光栅和法布里-珀罗标准具实现对输出信号的光谱重建。在此基础上,利用气体特征吸收峰两边的输出拟合整个输出曲线。将系统的输出与拟合曲线相除,实现系统输出的归一化,有效地滤除了系统的背景噪声,避免了当传感系统背景噪声发生变化时,需要重新采集背景气的繁琐工作,为测量带来方便。     

复合调制长周期光栅耦合器的研究

从麦克斯韦方程出发,推导了长周期光栅耦合器在折射率、增益、损耗复合调制下完整的耦合理论模型。在此基础上,详细分析了该复合调制长周期光栅耦合器直通与交叉臂间的功率耦合和多波长滤波特性。结果表明,当增益/损耗调制与折射率调制作用相等时,复合调制长周期光栅耦合器具有单向非互易的功率耦合特性,而且随着多波长复用信号输入光纤和输入方向的不同,具有不同的上下话路滤波特性。在增益调制作用下,满足相位匹配条件的信号不仅可有效地耦合到交叉臂下话路输出,还能得到明显的放大;但当损耗调制时,直通与交叉臂中的信号功率均保持各自的初值,而且不再具备波长选择滤波能力。